A Survey on Artificial Immune System
by Akira Imada (February 2004)
This is a survey on Artificial Immune System I've briefly made via
http://www.google.com.
This is quite a new approach to the "Computational Intelligence".
At the moment, on the 15 February 2004, when I explored the site with keyworda
of "artificial immune system & pdf",
79 pages were there from which I ftp'ed 45 papers and I put them all here in our web page.
You might just crick the title of the paper which is of your interest, if any.
Please feel free to send e-mails to
akira@bstu.by
for your comments, questions, bug-reports,
further-surevey, experiment-with-toy-example or whatever else.
Those are very welcome in order to elaborate this document.
Sorry for no-consistency. That is, some papers have shown the year of
publication while others are not; some papers are given all the author's names while others are
just with "et al." or something like that. This is because they are explored via google and
I didn't get such an information sometimes.
If the authors are from a sort of center of research in this field of AIS,
I add the name of the institute/university, but not exhaustively.
Anyway the page will be modified for the time being. Please enjoy.
What is Artificial Immune System?
Artificial Immune System (AIS) is a computational technique
Our Immune system has a fancy capability to protect us from an attack by viruses.
Employing its collective behavior, it memorizes an information of viruses that
previously attacked us.
We borrow the idea from nature, that is to say, AIS is one of
biologically-inspired-computational-technologies.
- The field has been already matured enough to be applied to many real-world problems.
And, hence, we have a couple of text books these day.
The following three which I found in Amazon.com, are kind of standard ones, I guss.
- "Artificial Immune Systems: A New Computational Intelligence Approach."
by L. N. de Castro, and J. Zimmis; Springer (2002) ISBN: 1852335947
- "Artificial Immune Systems and their Applications."
by D. Dasgupta (Editor); Springer (1998) ISBN: 3540643907
- "Immunocomputing: Principles and Applications."
by A. O. Tarakanov, et al; Springer (2003) ISBN: 038795533X
- Recently they organize a special interest group and its home page is as follows. Enjoy!
- The bellow is a personal home page, but we might a plenty of information about the topic.
Also the following one by the same authors though:
- Then we could survey on a lot of so far published papers in the following two
bibliographies.
Also a splendid collection of bibliography of AIS in which
author tried to make a complete review of the references in the field edited in 2003.
Other than conference events and books 482 papers are listed.
- Ph.D. and MSc. thesis is sometimes very helpful to get a bird's eye view of a topic,
especially under the circumstance where textbooks are hard to be accessible like us.
The following is the one: A book style article from a Master Thesis made up of 156 pages
- The other articles to obtain a bird's eye view of AIS.
Good paper to get the overview of the topic,
though this article is from the point of classifier system by
J. Holland which explains why the title.
Also an article describing a basic study.
A study of basic characteristics of AIS. For example how we enhance its learning capability
using a limited number of memory storage.
- An article from journal the Nature
- The bellow is not a paper but a slide-show which is usually difficult to follow
without an oral-explanation but this one is fairly well self-explained.
Application to Steganography
Some of our group have already applied Neural Networks to Steganography. So, this would
be a good paper to start with.
- Not a matured study yet but we would obtain a good over view from the bellow.
Detecting Virus Invasion to Network System.
When we listen to the term Artificial Immune System,
this topic is most likely to reminiscent of for most of us.
As a result we have a whale of big amount of papers on this topic.
- Since this might be a main topic of AIS, I list, first of all, papers for survey purpose.
- Second, the following is not an article but a link to the site where
we can surf for the purpose to survey "network security".
This is a commercial page but you might get a lot of paper on "network intrusion detection".
- Then the followings are a collection of papers on the topic of network security.
- The other topic regarding network and AIS.
Applications to Multi-Agent-System
It is also very natural to imagine a Multi Agent System when we thought of AIS.
- The following two articles employ AIS as Multi Agent System
- This is from more biological aspects but a study to model multi agents.
with intention being especially on designing agent-based parallel and distributed control systems.
Anomaly Detection.
Personally I'm currently interested in this "Anomaly Detection by AIS" thinking of
applying this anomaly detection to my problem of "one already known peak in a huge
almost everywhere completley flat fitness landscape.
-
The title of the following paper
attracted me and I expected a lot because this paper is Master Degree Thesis.
But I was somehow disappointed because this pdf file contains
only the beginning part of the thesis.
- The following paper would give us a good start for Anomaly Detection.
- What I am currently most interested is employing AIS for explore a huge search space.
From this aspect, the following might be of interest. That is,
employing AIS as an interactive search algorithm and applied to selecting Biomorphs
proposed by Dawkins in 1986.
- And an Actual Application of the Search by AIS to an Optimization Problem
Simulation of Human Memory.
The other of my special concern is a consideration if we can use AIS
to model human memory, which used to be very popular topic in Artificial Neural Network community.
Here I put only one article but if I have a time I will further survey on this topic.
- The followings are articles studying associative memory.
Application to the other practical domains.
- A fault Tolerant Computer System.
More Theoretical/Biological Approaches.
The bellow listed are more theoretical and/or more biological works
- More biologically oriented approach presented in the conference Artificial Life.
- On the theory called Danger Theory
- The other theoretical works